Micrometer (μm)
The micrometer, symbolized as μm, is a metric unit representing one millionth of a meter. Introduced in the 19th century, it is essential for precision measurements in science and engineering. Micrometers are widely used in fields such as materials science, electronics, and biology to measure objects ranging from cells to microchips and mechanical components. Its small scale makes it ideal for describing dimensions invisible to the naked eye, bridging the gap between millimeters and nanometers. The unit has become a standard in laboratories and manufacturing, enabling high accuracy and international standardization.
Inch (in)
The inch, abbreviated as in, is a length unit in the imperial and US customary systems. Its history reaches back to ancient civilizations, including the Romans, Egyptians, and Anglo-Saxons. Originally, the inch was determined by the width of a human thumb, but it was eventually set as 1/12 of a foot. Since 1959, the inch has been officially defined as exactly 2.54 centimeters due to an international agreement. Inches are still widely used in the United States, Canada, and the UK, especially for construction, manufacturing, and personal measurements. Even with the global shift to metric units, the inch remains important in certain fields such as technical drawings, screen dimensions, and household tools.